Greenland
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Floating microplastic particles were measured in surface seawater above the shelf-slope break off SW Greenland. Four replicate tows of a Manta surface trawl with 200 micron mesh were carried out from CCGS Amundsen. This site was chosen to correspond with ROV camera surveys of deep-sea corals, and to assess transportation of plastics in surface currents or from shipping. Samples were frozen for later analysis.
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Acoustic data was generated from the multibeam Kongsberg Simrad EM300 and EM302 multibeam sonar system on the CCGS Amundsen. This bathymetric data subset covers the Greenlandic Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ), i.e. outside of the 12 nm territorial sea extent and within the 200 nm EZZ, from 2003 to 2014. The datasets consist of high-resolution bathymetry and acoustic backscatter imagery collected 24 hours a day, whenever the ship was in transit or had dedicated survey time. Standard collection settings used dual-ping, FM pulse, auto depth mode, angular coverage of +/- 60 degrees and high density equidistant beamforming. The SIS software was used to collect the data, while near real-time cleaning of data outliers was done using the Caris HIPS&SIPS software after conversion to Generic Sensor Format (GSF) for input into MB-System database manager. Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data was parsed by SIS from a POSMv 320 v.4. RTG GPS data from the CNav 3050 GPS was used to correct and improve the position output from the POSMv with RTCM correction. Soundspeed information was either from CTD Rosette casts, MVP300 data or simulated from the World Ocean Atlas 2009 database. The resolution of data is 10 metres. Available tiles are in ESRI grid format (.asc). The OMG of University of New Brunswick were responsible for 2003-2013 data (http://www.omg.unb.ca/Projects). From 2014, responsibility switched to the Marine Geomorphology Laboratory of Laval University.
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Datasets were collected and processed by the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick. Accoustic data was generated from the multibeam Kongsberg Simrad EM302 multibeam sonar system onboard the CCGS Amundsen during ArcticNet Cruises. This bathymetric data subset covers the Greenland Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ), i.e. outside of the 12 nm territorial sea extent and within the 200 nm EZZ, from 2005 to 2011 and 2013. The datasets consist of high-resolution bathymetry and acoustic backscatter imagery collected 24 hours a day, whenever the ship was in transit or had dedicated survey time. Standard collection settings used dual-ping, FM pulse, auto depth mode, angular coverage of +/- 60 degrees and high-density equidistant beamforming. SIS was used to collect the data, while near realtime cleaning of data outliers was done using the Ocean Mapping Group's Swathed toolkit after conversion to OMG binary format. IMU data was parsed by the SIS software from a POSMv 320 v.4. RTG GPS data from the CNav GPS was used to correct and improve the position output from the POSMv. Soundspeed information was either from CTD Rosette casts, MVP300 data or simulated from the World Ocean Atlas 2001 database. Data were gridded at a resolution of 10 metres. Grid files available are in ESRI grid format (.flt and .hdr files zipped for each mapsheet for the data from 2005 to 2011, and .asc files for the data of 2013). Futher information on data processing and on the Ocean Mapping Group activities are online at http://www.omg.unb.ca/Projects/Arctic/
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The CCGS Amundsen is equipped with a RDI ADCP Ocean Surveyor (RDI os150), a ship-mounted current meter attached to the hull of the ship. The ship is also equipped of ice windows to protect the system while sailing through harsh arctic conditions. The current meter records continuous measures of the current along the ship transit route using a 150KHz sonar capable of covering the first 450m of the arctic water column. Since 2015 data are controlled using the Common Oceanographic Data Access System (CODAS, https://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/home/software/) of the University of Hawai'i, also adopted by the NOAA-National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA-NCEI) to create the Joint Archive for Shipboard ADCP. Data are provided in NetCDF formats and follow the COARD (Cooperative Ocean/Atmosphere Research Data) convention. Detailed information and metadata are available in the documentation of the archive and in-built metadata files. Raw data since 2004 are available on demand.
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Two remotely operated vehicle (ROV) video surveys were conducted at the SW Greenland location, at depths of ~700-950 m in August 2018. The primary purpose of the ROV dives at this location was to video survey the area study the distribution, geology, and species associations to the reef-forming cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. Another objective of these dives was to survey the area to identify a suitable location for piston coring. Lophelia pertusa coral colonies were observed on steep bedrock surfaces between 950 and 750 m water depth. Other corals observed at this site include Primnoa resedaeformis, Paragorgia arborea, soft corals, and sponges Asconema spp, Geodia spp., among others. No sampling took place at this location due to ROV issues.
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The Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen is equipped with a Moving Vessel Profiler (copyright) (MVP), a multi-purpose instrument used to collect both shallow and deep water data sets, without the need to stop the vessel. Data on physical and chemical characteristics of the water column are collected during transects along which several consecutive casts of the MVP are conducted. The MVP was deployed during the Amundsen scientific expeditions, in the summer and fall of 2004 to 2018 with the exception of 2005 and 2006, where no data is available, and 2012 because the ship was undergoing maintenance. The components of the system varied slightly throughout the year but typically included a Micro CTD (Temperature, Conductivity and Pressure), a Micro DO2 (Dissolved Oxygen), a Micro SV (Sound velocity and Pressure) and an ECOFLO (Fluorescence) and a C-Star (Transmittance) probe. The MVP data were corrected and then controlled by comparing them to CTD-Rosette and thermosalinograph (TSG) data when available. Variables are provided for every decibar (dbar) between the maximum and minimum pressure recorded for each cast. Detailed metadata and reports are included to provide more information.